4. Regeneration-Driven Rejuvenation

Regeneration-driven rejuvenation refers to the idea that rebuilding tissues, through stem cell activation and tissue remodeling, can reduce the functional consequences of the accumulated deleteriome. This will not erase molecular lesions in every cell, but it can restore system performance by replacing or renewing key cellular populations and by resetting tissue architecture. In organisms with strong regenerative capacity, cycles of rebuilding may keep functional decline low. In mammals, natural regeneration is limited, but engineered regeneration (via stem-cell control, immune calibration, and patterning cues) may allow periodic replacement of the most damage-prone compartments (e.g., hematopoietic, epithelial, vascular) and thereby extend healthspan in a stepwise fashion.